Overview: These are my defaults. Everything is up for debate.  

First, I consider myself an argument critic.  By this I mean that I might vote on an argument that I do not agree with or one that I think is untrue because in the context of the round one team persuades me.   This means that I tend to fall on the side of tech over truth. 

Second, I understand debate by argument.  There is a trend in debate to replace argument for author names. The community has begun to referencing evidence instead of the argument that the evidence is meant to strengthen.  This is a bad trend, in my mind, and should be limited to necessity.

Third, I will not now, nor will I ever, stop a debate if I think that someone is clipping or cross reading.  While I think this is cheating I think it is up to the debaters in the round to make an argument and then for me to judge that argument based on the available evidence and render a decision.  However, if you are caught clipping when I judge I will give your team a loss and zero speaker points.  . 

Fourth, Speaker-Points are dumb.  Preffing judges based on the speaker points they give is even dumber. It has long been the case that weak judges give high speaks in order to be preffed.  It is unfortunate that judges of color have had to resort to giving debaters higher points than they deserve to get into debates.  I will do my best to maintain the community norm.

Topicality: Yes, I vote on it.  It is always a voter.  Topicality debates are about competing interpretations and the benefits of those interpretations.  It is incumbent upon the debaters to do impact calculus of their advantages (these are the reasons to prefer aka standards) vs. the advantages of the counter-interpretation and the disadvantages to your interpretation.   In other words, to win topicality you need win that your interpretation is better for debate than your opponents.  This formula is true for ALL theory arguments if you plan to win them in front of me.  

Framework: Yes, I vote on it. Framework is, to me, a criticism of the affirmatives method.  What does this mean for you?  It means that I am less persuaded by arguments like debate is a game and fairness claims.  I tend to think of fairness, strategically, and my default is to say that fairness almost never outweighs education.  I have voted on fairness as a terminal impact before and will likely do so again but the threshold to beat a team going for fairness is often very low and this gets even lower when the affirmative rightly points out that fairness claims are rooted in protecting privilege.  If you are negative and you are going for framework my suggestion is that you make sure to have as many ways to negate the affirmatives offense as possible in the 2nr; this includes switch side debate solves your offense and topical version of your aff.  If you do that and then win an internal link into education you will likely win my ballot. 

I default to utilitarian ethics when making judgments about what action/vote is most beneficial.  If you would like me to use some other method of evaluation that needs to be explained and it needs to be upfront. 

Counterplans-You should read one.  Counterplans compete through net benefits. 

*Presumption never flips aff.  I know there is a redefinition of Presumption as “less change” but this is a misunderstanding of presumption.  Presumption, simply put, is that the existing state of affairs, policies, programs should continue unless adequate reasons are given for change. Now like everything in this philosophy this is a default. To say that presumption flips affirmative is just to say that the affirmative has achieved their prima facia burden to prove that the SQ needs change. 

*Counterplan theory: My default is that conditionality is the state that counterplans naturally exist. Because I believe counterplans are merely a test of the intrinsicness of the affirmatives advantages it means that I also default to judge kick.  This also means that there is little chance that I will vote outright on conditionality bad.  Instead, I will assess that the Negative is now “stuck” with a counter-advocacy that alters the debate in corresponding ways.

Criticisms:  Criticisms function much like counterplans and disads, insofar, as they should have an alternative and link and impact.  I can be persuaded that K’s do not need an alternative.  With that being said, if you are going for a K without an alternative then you are going to need to have a lot of defense against the affirmative.  Some of that defense can come in the form of the k itself (serial policy failure or impacts are inevitable arguments) but some of it SHOULD also be specific to the plan.   

Any questions just ask. Good Luck!